宣威乌头生物碱的高速逆流层析分离法

利用高速逆流层析法以氯仿-甲醇-pH 4.3枸橼酸/磷酸二氢钠缓冲液(4:3:2)分离宣威乌头生物碱,可使九种生物碱得到良好分离。     

AGFA LR5200激光相机的保养与维护

阐述了AGFALR5200激光相机的工作原理、日常使用保养。     

高品质数码相机在医学资源库建设中的运用

通过Nikon D100数码相机在医学资源库建设中的运用,介绍了其特性和操作技巧,指出具有一定品质的数码相机是发展医学摄影不可缺少的基本设备.     

数码相机在外科医疗、教学及科研中的应用

文章分析了数码相机和外科教学的特点，指出数码相机在外科教学中具有灵活、经济、简便的优点，同时介绍了应用方法和技巧。     

Effects of body size, body density, gender and growth on underwater torque

Two forces act on a human body motionless in water: weight (W) and buoyancy (B). They are applied to the center of mass (CM) and to the center of volume (CV) of the subject, respectively. CM and CV do not coincide; this generates a torque that is a measure of the tendency of the upper part of the body to rise, rotating around its center of mass. To quantify this tendency, Pendergast & Craig defined 'underwater torque' (T¹) as the product of the net force with which the feet of a subject lying horizontally in water tend to sink, times the distance between the feet and the center of volume of the lungs. In this paper we have investigated: (a) the relationships between T¹ and body weight (BW), height (H), body surface area (BS), body density (BD) and leg density (LD) in a group of 30 subjects (group A, 14 females and 16 males, age range 16-50 years); and (b) the effect of gender and growth on T¹ in a group of 110 subjects (group B, 67 girls and 43 boys, age range 12-17 years). In group A, T¹ was found to be linearly related with BW ( r = 0.833, P < 0.001), H ( r = 0.803, P < 0.001), BS ( r = 0.866, P < 0.001), BD ( r = 0.617, P < 0.001) and LD ( r = 0.549, P < 0.005). A multiple linear regression analysis showed that BS and BD explained about 85% of the variability of T¹ ( r ²= 0.85). In group B, T¹ was found to increase linearly with age ( r = 0.47, P < 0.01), the increasing rate being three times higher in boys compared with girls. As a consequence, the T¹ ratio between boys and girls increased with age, from 1.69 at 13 years to 2.04 at 16 years.     

Assessment of spleen size using gamma camera scintigraphy in newly diagnosed patients with essential thrombocythaemia and polycythaemia vera

Abstract: By using gamma camera imaging the spleen size was assessed in 18 consecutive patients with essential thrombocythaemia (ET) and in 18 consecutive patients with polycythaemia vera (PV). All ET and PV patients were newly diagnosed and had not received any myelosuppressive therapy prior to study. The spleen areas in both posterior and left lateral projections were determined. Eighteen consecutive patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) served as a control group since by definition they do not present with splenic enlargement; in these latter subjects the mean posterior and left lateral splenic areas were almost identical (48 ± 15 and 47 ± 17 cm², respectively). In comparison with this control group patients with ET and PV had significantly larger spleens. In both ET and in PV patients the left lateral spleen scan area exceeded the posterior one. Patients with PV had larger splenic areas in both projections than did patients with ET, but the differences were not statistically significant. Compared to the ITP patients it was found that at least 50% of the ET patients and at least 61% of the PV patients at diagnosis presented with splenomegaly.     

The Use of Radionuclide Retinal Scintigraphy for the Assessment of Retinopathy in Diabetes Mellitus

A computerized radiotracer technique for the detection of loss of retinal vascular integrity secondary to diabetes is presented. Radionuclide retinal scintigraphy with Technetium-99m DTPA was performed on 40 insulindependent diabetics and 10 nondiabetics. A ratio of eye to brain activity was used to eliminate errors associated with absolute counting. Ratios were found to be significantly higher in diabetics, especially those with active neovascularization. This technique may prove useful in the assessment and staging of eyes prone to retinopathy.     

Optical responses evoked by white matter stimulation in rat visual cortical slices and their relation to neural activities

To characterize optical responses (ORs) evoked by white matter (WM) stimulation in slices of rat visual cortex (VC) stained with voltage sensitive dyes, time course of ORs in each layer was investigated by recording ORs with a linearly aligned photodiode array, and the spatial patterns of the ORs at specified time after stimulation were investigated by a CCD camera in combination with stroboscopic illumination. The ORs recorded by the photodiode array were an increase in absorption at 700 nm and a decrease in the wavelength below 650 nm, suggesting that the ORs were dye related. The ORs were compared with field potentials (FPs) to clarify that neural events were represented by the ORs, and in support of this view, we found that the first order spatial differentials of ORs and that of FPs were in good agreement. We further compared ORs with intracellular responses, and found that the ORs mainly represent postsynaptic potentials (PSPs) of VC neurons except for the deeper part of layer VI, where a component representing action potentials in fibers stimulated directly was observed. The time-lapse imaging of ORs showed that excitation first propagated vertically up to layer I and subsequently in the horizontal direction along layers II-III and V-VI as in previous investigations. Spatio-temporal patterns of ORs under blockade of synaptic transmission were also investigated to reveal activity of fibers evoked by WM stimulation which produced such patterns of propagation.     

高速摄影法测量跳伞着陆冲击力研究

在实验室模拟条件下,利用高速摄影法测量跳伞着陆冲击力。结果表明,平台高度为0.5～2.0m,不负荷时,足部受冲击力为495.3～951.2kg;平台为0.5～1.0m,负荷26.5kg时,受力为360.0～518.0kg。足部所受冲击力随平台高度而增加。在人体各活动节段中,足部受的冲击力最大,躯干次之,以下依次为小腿、大腿、头、上臂、前臂和手。     

A proposed method for the evaluation of body fat in Japanese adults that predicts obesity

The present study was designed to develop a simple predictive equation for the percent body fat (%BF) in Japanese adults based on variables collected during health examinations. We hypothesized that a benchmark for defining metabolic syndrome and obesity could be based on %BF, which was measured by underwater weighing (UW) as a gold standard for body composition assessment. Thus, we developed a predictive equation for %BF derived from UW that may contribute to the assessment of obesity status, characterized by an excess accumulation of visceral or subcutaneous fat. The subjects were 810 Japanese participants (283 men, 527 women, ages 18-59 years). Anthropometric variables, including height, weight, 7 circumferences, and 8 skinfold thicknesses, were measured. The developed predictive equation was as follows: %BF = 10.558 × sex (1 for men; 2 for women) + 0.069 × age + 0.667 × body mass index + 0.314 × abdominal circumference − 35.881.The coefficient of determination (r²) was 0.69. The predicted %BF derived from this equation was highly correlated with UW-measured values and did not show underestimation or overestimation in either sex. These data suggested that this predictive equation for %BF can be used for all Japanese adults and does not require the use of medical equipment and special measurement techniques. By combining the equation for %BF developed in this study with a %BF cutoff value of metabolic syndrome and obesity (>25.0% in men and >30.0% in women), all Japanese adults can easily and conveniently assess obesity status.